StockTrak Investment Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

StockTrak Investment Strategy - Assignment Example The fund goals operate differently. While a growth fund focuses on specializing in an investment that promises to improve in value with time, income funds chose investments that promise to generate revenue (Fidelity). The growth term is, however, more attractive. The above mentioned is an investment strategy whose ground is based on the prediction that investments that are long-term. Are clinched through avoidance of incurring significant losses while working on accumulating reasonable gains (Weil). Therefore, the fund manager strives to stimulate upside returns and, on the other hand, reduce on downside exposures. Making losses is a significant lead to failure in investments. Therefore, this approach is tailor made to limit any possibilities of investment failures. Investing 57% of the total funds in equity shares and the rest percentage in bonds would be a strategic move. After that, making additional investments of 18 equity shares through purchases and sales of shares for different companies would increase chances of meeting the objective. Purchasing shares is results to a long position while selling them is a short position. Observing the stock trend allows for making analyzed decisions in buying and selling the shares. In case there are higher chances of the lowering in prices, then a short position is more appropriate but if the prices increase, a long position is better. Since the company here is looking into investing in varying business firms, bonds and shares, a top-down approach would be the best. The approach mitigates the associated risks of making losses. In addition, the approach facilitates the analyzing of the best company in which to

Winter Dreams Essay Example for Free

Winter Dreams Essay Matthew Bruccoli wrote, â€Å"The four closing paragraphs of this story are distinguished by Fitzgerald’s complex explication of Dexter’s sense of mutability: he grieves for the loss of his capacity to grieve. † This statement is about the main character Dexter, in Scott Fitzgerald’s â€Å"Winter Dreams†. I agree that the last four paragraphs show a man whose dream does not turn out the way expects it. Dexter worked hard and in the end, the dream was gone, taken from him. The last line supports Bruccoli’s statement, â€Å" I cannot cry. I cannot care. That thing will come back no more. What Dexter is talking about is his dream or the classic â€Å"American Dream. † The main character of this story Dexter has a vision of success; he wants to pursue the American Dream, money, status, and class. While chasing his goals he wants to climb the latter of wealth and then marry beautiful Judy Jones. Little does Dexter know where this journey is going to take him, the American Dream is something that every person would like to someday reach, but what happens when you get the American Dream? Fitzgerald’s voice is clearly heard in this novel because he shows the parallels’ between Dexter’s â€Å"Winters Dream† and the American Dream. He presents this idea of idealism in a negative way, telling the reader the underlying opinion that the American Dream isn’t real and that all there is left after the glitz and glam are gone is a shuddering feel of emptiness. â€Å"Winter Dreams† is a short story that takes place over a time period of twenty years. The American Dream is something that came about in the mid-1900’s this is something that Dexter strives to have. He wants to be a part of the elite and when he graduates from a prestigious eastern college he becomes a partner in a laundry company. This makes Dexter very wealthy and successful and he realizes that he has two things that are important to American Character: confidence and hard work. He has always had the drive to succeed, even when he quit his job as a caddy his boss begged him â€Å"with tears in his eyes,† not to quit the job. He also exudes confidence when he quits because he knows that he can do better for himself. Also he wanted to be seen as equal not inferior to Judy Jones and he works very hard throughout this entire story to achieve that. Dexter Greens whole life, personal choices, and aspirations were dramatically influenced by the incredible power Judy had on him. His fatal attraction towards her is something that he can never quite shake until the end of this novel. Judy Jones represents all of the things that Dexter can’t have. She is unattainable, just as money, power and success are to a four-teen year old boy; four-teen was the age Judy and Dexter first met. At twenty three Dexter met Judy again in a golf country club, where they became sentimentally involved. Very soon in the story the reader realizes that Judys good looks and flirtatious behavior has the great power to conquer numerous men, including Dexter, making them absolutely powerless and blindly fall in love with her. Judy becomes the ammunition to Dexter’s American Dream she is the ultimate goal Dexter wants to achieve. When he finally catches her eye and they being to date, it doesn’t take long for Judy’s destructive character and shallowness to emerge. Dexter realizes that he is just something that she can play with and when she gets bored with one suitor she quickly throws them out and replaces them with a new one. Her ultimate concern is for her own desires and she doesn’t care about anyone she steps on along the way. Unfortunately for Dexter this destructive game causes nothing but hurt and disparaging sadness for him. Judy and Dexter are briefly engaged and during this time they both suffer a great deal of disillusionment and pain. . â€Å"Winter Dreams,† explores many themes that stand out, but the main theme that Fitzgerald addresses is by far the American Dream and its hollowness at the end of the road. This is a classic story of life lessons, love, and pursuing inner dreams and goals. The way that Fitzgerald uses Judy Jones to represent and entire lifestyle and goal of a character is genius. The American Dream is something that a person works towards and cannot reach by impatience it’s a goal that should be reached overtime, something that should not be allowed to take over your life. Because we are encouraged to chase our goals and follow our dreams, people get caught up in the dream and the illusion and don’t look towards the reality. Then you end up without the capability of grieving and miss the loss of even that. The last four paragraphs summarize all the aspirations Dexter had, lost. He said they had existed once but no longer do, and will never return again.

Creative Story: State Highway :: essays research papers

Creative Story: State Highway It was a blistering hot July afternoon, with all the windows up and the air conditioning on maximum, the young boy questioned again why he was going to take college level courses when he had only recently finished his junior year in high school. He felt like it was a million degrees inside the red minivan. As he traveled in a South direction alone Arkansas State Highway 55, with the rhythmic beet of the tires on the road, he felt as thought he could feel each bump to its fullest, they were like waves on an ocean and symbolized everything he had over come and accomplished to make this journey. He not only over came his own self doubts about whether he can make it, but many who believed that he could not be successful in an environment with so many distractions. As he sat in the back of the minivan fears over the future began to surface in his head. "Will I make friends?" "Will I be comfortable so many miles away from home?" As these thoughts raced through his mind he felt alone and a cold shiver was sent through his body. He was no afraid and cold in the hot summer air. He knew consciously and logically that he was not alone. For his mother and grandmother sat next to him in the minivan and would do whatever they could to help him. But yet he realized something had changed. They were there but would some be gone and that he must draw strength, self-confidence, and a sense of security from within himself and not rely on the people around him to fulfill these feelings because they could not provide this for him. He must venture into the unknown, alone and could only receive a limited type of security and support from home. Regardless of which way the journey took him he could always count on them being there in case he fell or got lost during his month away. As the red minivan crossed the state line passing from Arkansas into the mighty sate of Mississippi. The first image he saw was an eight foot by twelve foot flag of the state. He knew so little about their customs, beliefs and rituals. It was as if he were entering into a foreign country. As they drove up the main entrance he could see through the trees in the "Grove" the bright afternoon sun reflecting off the columns of the "Ole Miss" Lyceum. As his family helped him unload what seemed to not be enough possessions he checked into the Creative Story: State Highway :: essays research papers Creative Story: State Highway It was a blistering hot July afternoon, with all the windows up and the air conditioning on maximum, the young boy questioned again why he was going to take college level courses when he had only recently finished his junior year in high school. He felt like it was a million degrees inside the red minivan. As he traveled in a South direction alone Arkansas State Highway 55, with the rhythmic beet of the tires on the road, he felt as thought he could feel each bump to its fullest, they were like waves on an ocean and symbolized everything he had over come and accomplished to make this journey. He not only over came his own self doubts about whether he can make it, but many who believed that he could not be successful in an environment with so many distractions. As he sat in the back of the minivan fears over the future began to surface in his head. "Will I make friends?" "Will I be comfortable so many miles away from home?" As these thoughts raced through his mind he felt alone and a cold shiver was sent through his body. He was no afraid and cold in the hot summer air. He knew consciously and logically that he was not alone. For his mother and grandmother sat next to him in the minivan and would do whatever they could to help him. But yet he realized something had changed. They were there but would some be gone and that he must draw strength, self-confidence, and a sense of security from within himself and not rely on the people around him to fulfill these feelings because they could not provide this for him. He must venture into the unknown, alone and could only receive a limited type of security and support from home. Regardless of which way the journey took him he could always count on them being there in case he fell or got lost during his month away. As the red minivan crossed the state line passing from Arkansas into the mighty sate of Mississippi. The first image he saw was an eight foot by twelve foot flag of the state. He knew so little about their customs, beliefs and rituals. It was as if he were entering into a foreign country. As they drove up the main entrance he could see through the trees in the "Grove" the bright afternoon sun reflecting off the columns of the "Ole Miss" Lyceum. As his family helped him unload what seemed to not be enough possessions he checked into the

Article Summary

Article Summary With the increase in online courses, along came an increase in the drop out rates versus the traditional sit-in environment. During this study, valuable information was offered to increase student success and minimize drop out rates. There needs to be communication among peers and instructor to have success in online courses. A group of students from the University of Pretoria, were enrolled in a Masters program, and their online activities were tracked for 8 weeks, by a program called Learning management (LMS) track.The LMS tracking tool was able to offer nformation on â€Å"students' blog postings, 161 5 discussions posts, an online quiz, and examination essays† (Nagel, Blignaut, & Cronje, 2009, p, 41). Through their examination, they were able to categorize â€Å"three stratifications of students† (Nagel, et al, 2009, 45) and their traits. The first stratification group was the fail grade, which rarely posted, hardly collaborated with their peers, sea rched very little, rarely replied to his online community, or provided no feedback. This caused frustration among other peers that were assigned to their group project, because they never articipated. ARTICLE SUMMARY This articles looks at movies with the same patterns and show the same disaster and apocalyptic genre as the movies that are leased in the late sass. The point of doing this is to track the four theme elements that are seen in films that are released before and after the 9/1 1 attack and how they are transacted into films. These four themes are: the representation of the apocalypse; the role of human agency; the role of religion; and the using of rhetorical means to provide commentary for the films.By doing this, we are saying that the movie representations of the apocalypse are much more pessimistic after the attack on 9/11 , which I think wows that science fiction, or â€Å"sic-if,† displays wider socio-political concerns and at the same time provides the expected awesome, audio-visual displays which can be labeled as entertainment. Representations fall into two broad categories: direct and indirect.Direct representation has the benefit of being easy to evaluate and are used to solving. This article uses images that we associate with 9/1 1 to describe something traumatizing that happens and cause people to look for a reason to control and to look for something or someone to place blame. Before 9/11 , films showed to have apocalyptic themes but in the end there is always some sort of solution.For example the article talks about the movie Armageddon and how the main character detonates the bomb exactly at the deadline, causing the asteroid to split in two and miss the earth saving everyone and everything. Looking post 9/1 1 , we see that after a traumatic event, people's ideologies change, films no longer have a person save the day, the main character is very flawed, there is no happy ending and salvation is not guaranteed. The one question that stands out to me as a reader is that if humans can cause this much damage, do we deserve a second chance?No, because: â€Å"cinematic representations of the apocalypse both jettisoned overt references to Biblica l sources and shifted the etiology of the destruction away from supernatural forces and towards natural phenomena and/or the con- sequences of human action. † (Gaston and Wallis 55) As the article progresses, I notice the abundance or religious references but at the same time: â€Å"effectively removes the u preternatural as an agent of either destruction or salvation†. (Gaston and Wallis 58) .After reading this article, I came to the conclusion that anything that humans have set up in order to live comfortably like federal and local government, protection or even technology cannot be relied upon because these things could be the ones that could ultimately end us. Take for example the movie that the article refers to, V is for Vendetta. This movies is about a government that releases a virus and then turns around and comes out with a cure. Either way we look at it humans are responsible and salvation is not guaranteed. Article Summary In this article, the author, Debra Barrow, talks about how customer service has changed from the good old days of full service gas stations and face to face communication to today's self-serve, pre-recorded society. Customers back then were fiercely loyal to your business when you gave them good service in virtually any type of businesses. She examines if the downturn in the economy has something to do with the lowering of the level of customer service or if it has Just been happening for a while.The suggestions the author gives are very good and center on being empathetic to your customer. Making yourself or a representative available for face to face communication of issues and questions is also mentioned. She finishes with reminding us that competition is fierce customers have a wide choice of alternatives. The customer usually goes with the best value that they see. This does not dismiss the importance of customer service as people do remember those that treat them well.I feel th at the article is very good despite being perhaps a little obvious. But that in itself is the problem. Much of what is talked about In the article is no longer obvious to many people and they are not mindful of the Importance of giving or even achieving great customer service. As my career choice is in the information technology field, I can use the Information presented In this article to make sure that I keep both internal and external customers happy and that In turn will not only keep me happy, but will make my Job much more bearable.Ten years In customer service has taught me that while the customer may not always be right, the least that you can do Is make sure that they come away from your Interaction with a smile and feeling that their problem has been solved. Work Cited Barrow, Debra. â€Å"Customer Service Back In the Day' CustomerServlceManager. 2012. Web. Septa. 2014 Article Summary By muskellunges â€Å"Customer Service Back in the Day' that in itself is the problem.M uch of what is talked about in the article is no longer obvious to many people and they are not mindful of the importance of giving or even technology field, I can use the information presented in this article to make sure that I keep both internal and external customers happy and that in turn will not only keep me happy, but will make my Job much more bearable. Ten years in customer service can do is make sure that they come away from your interaction with a smile and Barrow, Debra. Article summary As the immigration population increases in the united States so does the New York workforce according to this article. Nonetheless this is not a very positive thing once the article goes in depth about why this is so. Sample says that in a time of widespread Joblessness, Mexicans, specifically in New York. Have proved to be skilled at finding and keeping work. The article focuses on Mexican because they are the it's largest immigrant group.They have the highest rate of employment and are more likely to hold a Job compared to the typical New Work's native-born population. This data was In accordance with an analysis of the most recently available census data. Surprisingly statistics show that Mexicans In New York are even employed at a greater rate than Mexicans nationwide. Sadly, these statistics do not happen without out the consequences of workplace abuse. There are several reasons why illegal immigrants are the targets and ideal workers for most employers.This is true for the fact that most employers are interested in hiring people who are willing to overlook some labor laws. Most of these workers said they had never been paid overtime compensation almost always were given the dirty Jobs and were sometimes forced to work on their only day off. As one of these employees said in the article, there is not much that they can do to even stand up for their right because they are too scared of either being fired or deported. The employment rate Just for New Work's working-age Mexican men is even higher at n astounding 97 percent.Some analysts believe that the census underestimates employment rates for populations with high numbers of Illegal Immigrants, Like Mexicans, because those without legal documentation fear revealing their employment status. Response: Sample addresses a lot of issues that emerge from hiring immigrants. There is not just the abuse of their rights and labor laws but, emotional or psychological abuse on these employees. This is a very helpful a rticle for those who do not understand or are angered by immigrants taking over American Jobs.It is not very appealing to the average American citizen to work long hours with a pay less than minimum wage. It is no surprise that in New York most Mexican immigrants are heavily concentrated in jobs that involve food preparation. Another area that they are not surprisingly hired in is construction. These are occupations that require a lot of hours on the Job and I know for a fact that Is can and most likely causes emotional stress particularly when hey are being extremely under paid. Article Summary One of the world’s biggest insurance companies has experienced a major setback that urged the U.S. government to take the necessary procedures in acquiring and managing the firm – AIG. The $85 million deal has spared the American International Group, Inc. or AIG to an imminent bankruptcy, which could create bigger problems for the holistic financial system.Obviously, AIG’s SOS is one of the many repercussions of the recent meltdown in Wall Street. Unlike the Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., the federal government cannot afford AIG to hit the bankruptcy pavement. AIG already was clamouring for financial aid from the government in order to prevent the firm from going bankrupt.Not until the recent Wall Street Meltdown, The federal government finally came into terms with AIG regarding the substantial loan that will spare the insurance firm from apparent bankruptcy.With this in tow, the government has acted accordingly upon its legal authority, which allows the governm ent to lend non-bank firms under â€Å"unusual and exigent† circumstances that is stated in the Federal Reserve Act.AIG’s assets secure the said loan, which gives the government the security it needs even if markets continue to hit the ground (Karnitschnig et al, 2008). The height of AIG’s financial crisis reached critical levels when the credit rating was eventually downgraded. The insurance firm was compelled to place a $14.5 in collateral.However, AIG cannot seem to acquire funds in a wink of an eye in order to sustain collateral demands even though it has enough assets to sell. Eventually, AIG’s board approved the deal that spared the firm from hitting the bankruptcy pavement. The firm’s decision will secure all AIG policyholders and the firm itself to initiate and conduct assets sales in an apt manner.The federal government was more than aware that AIG’s possible bankruptcy will create repercussions, and it will result to a domino effec t of catastrophic proportions. Considering that most mutual funds and major banks are crucial holders of the firm’s debts, AIG would be the linchpin of setbacks for these firms as well (Karnitschnig et al, 2008). As AIG’s futile attempts to garner funds from private-sector banks in order to raise as much as $75 billions in order to prevent bankruptcy, abrupt financial aid given by the government secures AIG’s finances even if its insurance operations are stable and healthy. The federal government speculates that AIG’s financial woes will beget more problems for the firm, if ever it won’t lend the much-needed finances the firm needs to spare itself from bankruptcy.AIG’s shares have plummeted 21% ($3.75) due to the fact that most investors have replenished stocks due to the insurance firm’s financial woes (Karnitschnig et al, 2008). Most insurance companies perceive that AIG is one of a kind, considering that former CEO Hank Greenberg f ounded AIG into the insurance giant that it is today. Industry pundits expect AIG to liquidate its assets in the Asian market in order to compensate for the loan it has from the federal government.However, AIG’s expansion to other emerging markets continues, as its insurance operations can result to substantial acquisition of firms in Asia as well (Karnitschnig et al, 2008).References Karnitschnig,M. et al. (2008). U.S. to Take Over AIG in $85 Billion Bailout; Central Banks Inject Cash as Credit Dries Up. Retrieved October 9, 2008, from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122156561931242905.html

Interpreter of Maladies

Failure of Marriage Communication is one of the most important things to us keep connected to other people. If we fail to communicate with others, we will fail in many ways such as failure in romance. In the book Interpreter of Maladies with the tittle â€Å"Interpreter of Maladies† by Jhumpa Lahiri, the difficulty of communication becomes one of the problems. Mr. Kapasi feels lonely in his life and in his marriage because he lost his ability to communicate with his wife. However, Mrs. Das is a selfish woman that always hides behind her sunglasses most of the time. She doesn’t care about her family, her husband and her children. These two characters are drawn together because they both have troubled marriages. But if they still have the common sense to think about their own responsibility to their family, they shouldn’t get closer and become interested each other. Mr. Kapasi believes that his life is a failure. He can’t have a successful marriage in his life because his marriage is arranged by his parents. His wife can’t forgive him because of the loss of their young son and also because Mr. Kapasi work for the doctor who failed to save their son’s life. His career is far away from what he dreamed might be happen. Because in his past, he got scholarship and diplomatic greatness so he hoped that he would be success in his career. But now, he only be a tour guide and an interpreter for a doctor. As a tour guide, he speaks in English to the Europeans and Americans about the sights of India. And as an interpreter, he helps people from another country to communicate with the doctor. The job was a sign of his failings. In his youth he’d been a devoted scholar of foreign languages, the owner of an impressive collection of dictionaries. He had dreamed of being an interpreter of diplomats and dignitaries, resolving conflicts between people and nations, settling disputes of which he aline could understand both sides. He was a self-educated man. In a series of notebooks, in the evenings before his parents settled his marriage, he had listed the common etymologies of words, and at one point in his life he was confident that he could converse, if given the opportunity, in English, French, Russian, Portuguese, and Italian, not to mention Hindi, Bengali, Oriya, and Gujarati. Now only a handful of European phrases remained in his memory, scattered words for things like saucers and chairs. English was the only non-Indian language he spoke fluently anymore. Mr. Kapasi knew it was not a remarkable talent. Sometimes he feared that his children knew better English than he did, just from watching television† (52). In his loveless life, he meet Mrs. Das that he thinks also has trouble in marriage. And he got interested with her, imagine what will he do if he live with her, an American woman. But at the end, he feels so disgust with Mrs Das because she cheated with her husband’s friend and had a child from it. Mrs. Das is a very selfish and self-absorbed woman. She doesn’t see anyone else as they are but rather as a means to fulfill her own wishes. Her selfishness can be seen when she doesn’t share her food with her children and her husband, reluctantly takes her daughter to the bathroom, and refuses to paint her daughter’s fingernails. She feels misery in her life because of her cheated with her husband’s friend. She never talk to anyone else about it. Rather than to face her misery, she chooses to hide behind her sunglasses and stays away from her family. Like it is mention on the book â€Å"Mine too. Mommy, do mine too,†said the little girl. Leave me alone,† Mrs. Das said, blowing on her nail and turning her body slightly. â€Å"You’re making me mess up. † (48) and also â€Å"Mrs. Das continued to polish her nails. She had still not removed her sunglasses† (49). The only one person that she talks about her misery is Mr. Kapas i. She hopes that Mr. Kapasi as an interpreter can help her to give some advices. But in fact, Mr. Kapasi can’t help her because it’s not part of his job. Mrs. Das gets angry and leaves the car after she knows that it’s useless to confide about her misery with Mr. Kapasi. The communication doesn’t run smoothly in this story. There are many times communication fail to happen. Mr. Kapasi can’t communicate well with his wife because he has lost his ability for it. Mr. Kapasi also afraid to talk with his children because he fears that his English is not as good as his children. Mr. Das and Mrs. Das do not communicate, not because of the language trouble but because Mrs. Das is so selfish and Mr. Das always gets himself in the guidebook, like said in the book â€Å"He glanced up from the paperback tour book, which said â€Å"INDIA† in yellow letters and looked as if it had been published abroad† (44). The children do not listen to their parents, Mr. Das and Mrs. Das, nor to Mr. Kapasi. This can be proved with the monkey incident when Bobby is trapped with the monkeys. The children have lost the parents figure because the bad behavior of Mr. Das and Mrs. Das. All of these failing communication lead to hurt feeling each person. The Kapasis have a failing marriage. The Dases are hostile to each other. â€Å"They were all like siblings, Mr. Kapasi thought as they passed a row of date trees. Mr. And Mrs. Das behaved like an older brother and sister, not parents. It seeemed that they were in charge of the children only for the day; it was hard to believe they were regularly responsible for anything other than themselves† (49). Another problem beside the failing communication in this story is the forbidden romance between Mr. Kapasi and Mrs. Das. They both have the same loneliness in their marriage. Mr. Kapasi thinks that Mrs. Das could be a perfect companion to him in his loneliness. He puts an effort to attract Mrs. Das; he ignores many differences between him and Mrs. Das. He sees many details of Mrs. Das such as her legs. He ignores the other which is the bad behavior of Mrs. Das like dismisses her children’s desire and her selfishness with the snack. He observed her. She wore a red-and-white checkered skin that stopped above her knees, slip-on shoes with a square wooden heel, and a close-fitting blouse styled like a man’s undershirt. The blouse was decorated at chest-level with a woman, with small hands like paws, her frosty pink fingernails painted to match her lips, and was slightly plump in her figure. Her hair, shorn only a little longer than her husband’s, was parted far to one side. She was wearing large dark brown sunglasses with a pinkish tint to them, and carried a big straw bag, almost as big as her torso, shaped like a bowl, with a water bottle poking out of it. She walked slowly, carrying some puffed rice tossed with peanuts and chili peppers in a large packet made from newspapers (46). Mrs. Das wants to be a woman that can be a place to tell of Mr. Kapasi. She also wants Mr. Kapasi to help her solve her misery. Mrs. Das sees him as a good father and helper and ignores the signs that indicates he may not like to do that. For example, Mrs. Das doesn’t notice that Mr. Kapasi uncomfortable with her confession and push him to help her solve it that he can’t give it to her. Responsibility and love are the keys of successful marriage. Because when people have decided to get married means that they already promise to live with their couple and take care the family forever. When the couple already have it in their own heart and mind, infidelity will never happen. Mrs. Das should realize that she has a husband and three children that need to take care of. She has responsibility as a mother to serve her husband and gives advice to the children. If Mrs. Das could do all of it, she will definitely have a successful marriage. Works Cited Lahiri, Jhumpa. Interpreter of Maladies. New York : Houghton Mifflin Company. 1999. Print. Interpreter of maladies From the very beginning of the story the narrator depicts a very burdensome life. After leaving his homeland of India, he describes the first place he lived In London as: â€Å"a house occupied entirely of penniless Bengali Bachelors Like [himself], at least a dozen and sometimes more and all struggling to educate and establish ourselves abroad†(Lair 173). This is the perfect example of the narrator's determination to be successful in life and also the major hardships he will have to endure.This also portrays how the narrator accepts and is aware of his inevitable transformation through education and hardships. He knows that his struggles will eventually lead to the ultimate achievement of revealing over three continents. After surviving on the bare minimum in London for about flee years the narrator is offered a fulfillment job in America at the prestigious MIT, which will be his third continental move. Before he sets off abroad he must go back to Calcutta to fulfill an India n tradition of an arranged marriage.The narrator sees his marriage as Just another mundane chore and focuses instead on adjusting to his new life as an Indian immigrant In America. While he waits for his new wife's green card he looks for a cheap room to rent, which Is where he meets the first American he truly admires. Mrs.. Croft is first portrayed as an insignificant ranting old crippled woman that lives alone and rents out rooms, but when her age is revealed, the narrators whole perspective changes; after all he had assumed that she was only in her eighties.She then becomes a special and memorable person to him because he is absolutely astonished and Impressed that a one-hundred and three year old woman could still more or less be Independent or even coherent for that matter. This Is due to the fact that he mentions his own mother completely falling apart after his father passed away. He goes so far as to say: â€Å"What pained me the most was to see her so unguarded, to hear h er burp after meals or expel gas in front of company without the slightest embarrassment† (Lair 1 87 ).Seeing a widow like Mrs.. Croft so bold and quick-witted, yet so fragile, was refreshing and positively inspiring to him. The way he acknowledges her life, â€Å"As vigorous as her voice was, and imperious as she seemed, I knew that even a scratch or a cough could kill a person that old, each day she lived, I knew, was something of a miracle† (Lair 188). The significance of this quote shows that Mrs.. Croft was a big contribution to the narrators realization of an ever changing world where adaptation is the key to survival.As the the narrator waits the six weeks for his wife to arrive he is more than happy to make It a routine to simply sit down next to Mrs.. Croft each night and give her a little of his company. He feels compelled to do more but being of no relation he Crofts and find an apartment suitable for two people. It is peculiar that he not exactly anxious for his wife to Join him in America. He refers to her arrival as â€Å"the arrival of a coming month, or season – something inevitable, but meaningless at the same mime† (Lair 189). These are his feelings in the beginning when he only knew his wife for a mere five days.Once she is there she makes an effort as a dutiful wife by sprucing up the In conclusion the narrator encounters an internal conflict, he slowly becomes an Americanizes Indian with attempts to maintain his original Indian culture. His conflict comes to a head when speaking of his son because it is clear that he is afraid that his son will abandon their Indian traditions. A prime example is the following quote: â€Å"So we drive to Cambridge to visit him, or bring him home for a keen, so that he can eat rice with us with his hands, and speak in Bengali, things we sometimes worry he will no longer do after we die†(Lair 197).His attempt at being the modern American occurs when he tells his wife that she does not have to wear her sari all the time, â€Å"There is no need to cover your head, â€Å"l said. † I don't mind. It doesn't matter here† (Lair 192). Another example is when the narrator tries to retain his original traditions by eating egg curry and walking barefoot throughout his house. Egg curry seems to be the one thing the narrator holds onto which is obvious because he cooks egg curry in all three continents. Interpreter of maladies From the very beginning of the story the narrator depicts a very burdensome life. After leaving his homeland of India, he describes the first place he lived In London as: â€Å"a house occupied entirely of penniless Bengali Bachelors Like [himself], at least a dozen and sometimes more and all struggling to educate and establish ourselves abroad†(Lair 173). This is the perfect example of the narrator's determination to be successful in life and also the major hardships he will have to endure.This also portrays how the narrator accepts and is aware of his inevitable transformation through education and hardships. He knows that his struggles will eventually lead to the ultimate achievement of revealing over three continents. After surviving on the bare minimum in London for about flee years the narrator is offered a fulfillment job in America at the prestigious MIT, which will be his third continental move. Before he sets off abroad he must go back to Calcutta to fulfill an India n tradition of an arranged marriage.The narrator sees his marriage as Just another mundane chore and focuses instead on adjusting to his new life as an Indian immigrant In America. While he waits for his new wife's green card he looks for a cheap room to rent, which Is where he meets the first American he truly admires. Mrs.. Croft is first portrayed as an insignificant ranting old crippled woman that lives alone and rents out rooms, but when her age is revealed, the narrators whole perspective changes; after all he had assumed that she was only in her eighties.She then becomes a special and memorable person to him because he is absolutely astonished and Impressed that a one-hundred and three year old woman could still more or less be Independent or even coherent for that matter. This Is due to the fact that he mentions his own mother completely falling apart after his father passed away. He goes so far as to say: â€Å"What pained me the most was to see her so unguarded, to hear h er burp after meals or expel gas in front of company without the slightest embarrassment† (Lair 1 87 ).Seeing a widow like Mrs.. Croft so bold and quick-witted, yet so fragile, was refreshing and positively inspiring to him. The way he acknowledges her life, â€Å"As vigorous as her voice was, and imperious as she seemed, I knew that even a scratch or a cough could kill a person that old, each day she lived, I knew, was something of a miracle† (Lair 188). The significance of this quote shows that Mrs.. Croft was a big contribution to the narrators realization of an ever changing world where adaptation is the key to survival.As the the narrator waits the six weeks for his wife to arrive he is more than happy to make It a routine to simply sit down next to Mrs.. Croft each night and give her a little of his company. He feels compelled to do more but being of no relation he Crofts and find an apartment suitable for two people. It is peculiar that he not exactly anxious for his wife to Join him in America. He refers to her arrival as â€Å"the arrival of a coming month, or season – something inevitable, but meaningless at the same mime† (Lair 189). These are his feelings in the beginning when he only knew his wife for a mere five days.Once she is there she makes an effort as a dutiful wife by sprucing up the In conclusion the narrator encounters an internal conflict, he slowly becomes an Americanizes Indian with attempts to maintain his original Indian culture. His conflict comes to a head when speaking of his son because it is clear that he is afraid that his son will abandon their Indian traditions. A prime example is the following quote: â€Å"So we drive to Cambridge to visit him, or bring him home for a keen, so that he can eat rice with us with his hands, and speak in Bengali, things we sometimes worry he will no longer do after we die†(Lair 197).His attempt at being the modern American occurs when he tells his wife that she does not have to wear her sari all the time, â€Å"There is no need to cover your head, â€Å"l said. † I don't mind. It doesn't matter here† (Lair 192). Another example is when the narrator tries to retain his original traditions by eating egg curry and walking barefoot throughout his house. Egg curry seems to be the one thing the narrator holds onto which is obvious because he cooks egg curry in all three continents.

The Nepalese Business Environment Essay Example

The Nepalese Business Environment Essay Example The Nepalese Business Environment Paper The Nepalese Business Environment Paper Internal environment includes infrastructure, physical asset, human resources, organization Structure, technology, work system etc. T is located inside the business organization and it is controlled by the business. It provides strength and weakness to the business. External environment includes outer environment I: e social, economical, political, legal and competitive forces. It provides opportunity and threats to business. So, they are both interrelated and interconnected. It operates in a dynamic environment. According to Keith Davis, Business environment is the aggregate of all conditions, events and influences that surround and affect it Thus, Business environment is the combination of internal and external ores and condition prevalent inside and outside the boundaries of a firm. Business environment consist of the forces and conditions outside the boundaries of a firm. These forces changes overtime and thus present the firm with opportunities and threats that influences its ability to carry out its operation efficiency to attain its objectives. Complex: Business environment is a complex due to its unpredictability. It consists of interacting events, condition, influences arising from varied sources. Dynamic: Business environment is dynamic. It is continuously changing in shape and character. Multifaceted: Business environment is multifaceted. Different observer may view a particular change in the environment differently. The same development may be taken by someone as opportunity and by other threats. Far reaching: The change in environment has far reaching impact in the business. The growth, profitability and competitiveness Of the business depend on the existing business environment. Importance of business environment It is essential for the business manager have a profound knowledge about environment surrounding to business to make managerial and business decision. 1 . Comprehensive strategy formulation: business firms have to formulate broad strategies and long term policies for their continuous existence. An assessment of environmental component enables a manager to formulate business strategy and policy. The assessment can be done through STOW analysis. 2. Competitive analysis: business should regularly analyze the strength and weakness Of competitors and formulate strategies accordingly in Order to retain its superiority in the market. The study of business environment facilitates to formulates effective measures to analyses the strategies of the mediators and face them. 3. Adaptability: the foremost concern of any business firm is to adjust with the emerging environmental forces. As a result of environmental analysis, the managers are able to adopt the prevailing condition and thus to adopt the prevailing condition and thus influence the environment in order to make it congenial or less harmful to their business. 4. Stability: the study of environment enables the firms to foresee the impact of the socio economic and political changes taking place at the national and international levels on their stability. They can develop actions Lana to cope with such change to maintain stability. 5. Dynamism: the firm should change and mould itself with the changing environment. The knowledge of business environment enables the manager to be well acquainted with the changing business scenario and take proper steps to keep the firm up-to-date. Component of business environment Internal environment: Internal environment also called micro environment consist of condition and forces within the business organization that affects its performance and outcomes. ; Goals, policies, and strategies: goals are the desired outcomes and present and result. Policies are guidelines for business decision making and future courses of action. Strategies are the broad action plan. They mean to achieve goal. ; Culture: culture encompasses shared, norms, values and beliefs that guide member in organization. Culture means the assumption that member of an organization share in common. ; Organizational resources: resources can be physical, financial, human and information. , modern business organization required large amount of quality information. The acquisition, storage, analysis is very important for increasing business effectiveness. The development in information technology has greatly facilitated business activity. ; Organizational structure: structure is the designed of job position and relationship. It defines how job is formally divided, grouped and coordinated. External environment: External environment is composed with the outside condition and forces that influenced performance and outcomes. It is located outside the business organization and cannot be controlled by the effort of business organization. The external environment of business is defined as opportunity and threats. The external environment can also be divided into: a) general b) task ) General environment: it is also subdivided into following components I) Economic environment: the state of economic environment determines the general health and well being of the organization. Economic environment refers to all economic surrounding that influence the business activity. Economic system, economic policies, economic condition and reasonable economic groups are the component of economic environment of business. Economic system may be: ; Free market economy: it is based on private sector ownership. Consumer choice or purchase under a market system decide what we produce and by whom. Consumers have freedom of choice. The economic is not planned, controlled, and regulated by the government. ; Centrally market economy: it is based on public sector ownership. The economy is centrally planned, controlled, regulated by the government. Profit is not in aim. The state planner determines the number and types of commodities to be produce, their distribution and prices. ; Mixed economy: mixed economy co-exist both public and private sector. Economic policies: economic policies are monetary policy concerned with money supply, interest rate, creditability, exchange rate etc. Sisal policies are concerned with the use of taxation and government expenditure to regulate the level of economic activities. Industrial policies concerned with industrial licensing location, incentives, facilities, foreign investment, technology transfer etc. Economic condition: it is also components of economic environment which is determined by the factor like level and distribution of income, different business cycle, inflation, stage of economic development etc. Regional economic groups: it removes tariff and other restriction to promote co operation and free trade among member countries such as SCARCE, OPEC, ASIAN, IF, WTFO etc 2) Political environment: the component of political system, political institution, political philosophy. ; Political system consists of ideological forces, political parties, election procedures and power centers. ; Political institution consist of law, executive judge. ; Political philosophy can be democratic, totalitarian or mix of both. ) Legal environment: the legal environment forces that influences business law, court Of law and law Of administrator. ; Business law consists of an array of a business law that regulates business activity. Court of law: institution establish by law to solve legal disputes. ; Law of administration: law administer are the various law and enforces of agency which ensure agency which ensures implementation of law and the judgment of the court of law. 4) socio- cultural environment: s ocio environment of business refers to all the social surroundings that influence business. Socio environment is made up with the components such as demographic, socio institutions, pressure groups and social groups. ; Demographic forces: demographics forces consist of size, distribution, insist and growth of population, age and gender, mix of population, arbitration of population and migration of population. ; Social institution: Social institution consists of family ,reference groups( relative, colleges etc) and social class ; Pressure groups: pressure groups are the special interest groups organized to use the political process to advance their position earn and issue of social concern. Social change: social change implies modification in relationship and behavior pattern of individual and group in society. Cultural environment of the business refers to all the cultures surrounding hat influences business activities. It includes knowledge, customs, traditions, morals, values, religions, languages, symbols, works of arts and architecture and accepted behavior pattern of p eople. 5) Technological environment: technological environment refers to all the technical surrounding that influences business activities. The component of technological environment is: ; Level of technology: the level of technology may be appropriate or sophisticated, labor based or capital based. ; Pace of technological change: pace is the stage and speed of technological change. Technological transfer: technological transfer implies technology imported from technologically advances foreign country. ; Research and development budget: research and development budget is the situation of research and development budget get by government or business. Organization for technological adaptation, up gradation and development. ) Task environment Task environment also called competitive or operating environment. Operating environment involves factors in the immediate competitive situation of a particular organization. ; Customer: customer Of the task environment reflects the characteristic ND behavior of those who buy goods or services provided by the business. ; Supplier: suppliers are the individual and firms that provide the firms with the inputs resources that is provide HTH firms with the input resources that is needed to produce goods or services. Distribution: distribution is an organization or means that helps other organization to sell their goods and services to customers. The distributors can be retailers, middlemen, facilitators, and market service agencies. ; Special interest groups: special interest group is the organized groups o uses the political process to advance their position on particular issues. ; Financial institutions: business organization relay on the services of institution like commercial bank, finance companies, insurance companies and capital marketing institution to meet their short and long term financial needs and other services requirement. Media: the media keeps an eye on the vital decision or action of the business firm having general public interest. ; Competition: the competition factors of the task environment consist of those with whom an organization must do bette r in order to obtain sources, market and position. Environment scanning Environment scanning is the technique of acquiring information about environment uncertainty complexity and dynamism and analyzing the trends, emerging in the environment. In another words, environmental scanning is the process of monitoring the business environment to identify both present and future threats and opportunities that may influences the firms ability to reach its goal. Before form ululating strategy, environment should be analyzed as strategy matches the internal resources with external environment. What changes are occurring in the environment and in what ways the internal strength are utilized, what factors are affecting business, what purport entities are being available, strategic manager must get the information which is acquired by environmental scanning. Thus environmental scanning is a tool to monitor, evaluate and disseminate information from the environment. Environment scanning is done to Objectively identify opportunities and threats for the business opportunities are favorable conditions in the environment. This enables a business organization to consolidate and strengthen its position but threats are unfavorable condition in the environment. This creates risk or cause damage to a business organization. Only environmental scanning enhances to determine threats and opportunities. Environment Scanning help top management to understand and define current environment realities and predict future changes. The top management can observe the changes taking in the environment through reports, committee meeting, memorandum, sub-ordinate manager, journals, colleagues, employee, personal experience and conferences. Once the management receives this information about changes taking place in the environment, they then assess, co-relate, extrapolate and interpreted the vent and signals to determine threats and opportunities. Now considering the following example which clearly depicts how threats and opportunities are determined through environmental analysis: Events opportunity(LCP) 130% I Impact (l) I probability(P) Threats/ I Competitors entrance in the Sales fall by I Reduction in sales by 3% I I market I Political insecurity I Sales fall by I Reduction in sales by 6% sales fall by 140% recession I I Economic I Reduction in sales by 10% I Napalms entrance into WTFO I Market expansion baby% 140% Increase in sales by 20% I Price war I Price fall by 30% I Reduction in sales by 9% Environmental analysis In every society there are plenty of unmet human needs. Any business firm identifying these unmet needs and supplying goods and services to satisfy them would open up new opportunity for its. On the contrary, a business firm unaware of the environmental signals would find it in constant threats such a firm may even lose its existing business owing to decreased demand for its product or services in the market. It is therefore; very crucial for business firms to keep track of the emerging environmental trends and adjusts accordingly. Analysis involves breaking a whole into its parts to find it nature function and relation. Environmental analysis, involves identifying the present and future purport entities and threats. According to William Cluck( 1980) defines environmental analysis as the process by which strategist monitor the economic, legal, competitive, geographic, technical and social setting to determine opportunities and threats to their firms. According to Philip settler (2002),environmental analysis as the process of assessing the emerging trends. Every business firm manager has to pay attention in trends. In the process of analysis, a host of activities like thinking, feeling interpreting and behaving are involved. The constant changes in business environment disturb some managers. But todays managers have to anticipate them, understand them, deal with them and turn them to their firm advantages. There are several methods or technique of environmental analysis. The most common are as follows; ; STOW analysis ; Business related publication like newspaper and journals ; Business forecasting ; Formal research studies. Environmental analysis and its uses in strategic management Strategic management refers to the decision and action of top management directed at formulation and implementation of strategies to achieve long term objectives.

Economic Overview of BRICS †Industry Analysis Essay Example

Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Example Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Name: Course: Date: Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Introduction One of the key industries in the growth of the global economy is the telecommunication industry that is growing at the fastest rate with advancement in technology. The total spending in the telecommunication technology is growing by 2.8%, which represents $1.84 trillion (Wansink, 2009). The whole world is now interconnected with telecommunication technology that comprises of telephones, mobile phones and internet linked to computers. Previously, the telecom industry was comprised of large national and regional companies owned by governments. The previous decade has seen a change in this where many organizations are privatized, and more players coming up to increase competition. This has also come with deregulations. Among the biggest growing countries that comprise of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, BRICS, telecommunication is the main contributor to growth. In each of the BRICS countries, there are key players, both local and multinational playing a crucial role in th eir development. Brazil The Brazilian telecom industry is expected to generate revenue of US$ 120 billion in 2012 (Wansink, 2009). Within its market, fixed line revenues continue to decrease while the mobile, internets and data, and pay television continue to gain prominence with their revenues growing rapidly. Just like the other BRICS countries, its growing economy and high population continue to fuel the growth. The spending power of Brazil is driving the growth, with more and more demand for telecommunication services. Additionally, the government has taken measures to reduce the cost of telecommunication services in order to push into the market. Additionally, with the expected growth of 3%-3.5% in 2012 and 4%-5% in 2013, growth within the telecommunication industry can be expected (Wansink, 2009). Some of the companies in Brazil include Telefonica Brasil, Sercomtel and Nextel Brasil. Telefonica Brasil is the second largest company in the Brazilian telecommunication industry. The company is currently focusing on an expansion of its network coverage and the increasing subscribers to its mobile broadband. To increase its mobile broadband revenues, it is expanding on 3G data network, and it is taking an advantage to take an early lead in the 4G network (Wansink, 2009). Sercomtel is yet another leading local telecommunication company in Brazil. It operates in voice services that include landline, mobile services and long distance telecommunication, as well as internet services through its broadband. Considering the stability of the market, Brazil is one of the best countries to invest in, since it might not be affected by the Euro recession. Russia The telecom market in Russia has been growing, in part due to liberalization in long-distance telecom and a new introduction of interconnection between operators (Russian-American Business, 2007). Some of the leading operators in Russia are VimpelCom, MegaFon and MTS. MegaFon is the second largest mobile operator and fourth largest telecom company in Russia. It operates in GSM and UMTS standards. As at June 2012, the company had a total of 62.1 million subscribers locally and another 1.6 million subscribers in other countries that include Osetia, Abkhazia and Tajikistan. The MTS is the largest mobile operator within Russia with more than 102.4 million subscribers at the end of 2009 (Russian-American Business, 2007). It is licensed to operate in 82 regions in Russia out of the total 83. It also serves other countries, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, and Belarus. It provides GSM services. It also operates around 3300 retails chains for mobile phones (Russian-American Business, 2007). It also has MTS branded mobile handsets. The other key player in the Russian telecom market is the VimpelCom, which is among the largest integrated telecom companies worldwide. It provides both voice and data services using a range of traditional fixed technology and mobile broadband. It provides services to its customers under the Beeline, Mobilink, and Telecel among others. As at June 2012, the company had 208 million subscribers (Russian-American Business, 2007). Competition in Russia is increasing rapidly with many companies that are established in its market considering it is the biggest country. The development and growth of the telecommunication market in Russia has been pushed by support from the government with expenditure on information and communication, as well as the growing economy that grew by 6.8% in 2006 (Russian-American Business, 2007). India India is yet another rapidly growing country with the largest growth of mobile phone users. Its rapid growing economy due to manufacturing is one of the main contributors as well as its enormous population providing ready market. Some of the telecommunication companies in India include Bharti Airtel Limited and Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. Bharti Airtel Limited is commonly known as Airtel, operating in over 20 countries across south of Asia, Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. It currently ranks as the third largest mobile service provider company. Airtel provides voice services, data services including 2G, 3G and 4G internet services depending on the country (airtel.in, 2012). As at august 2012, the company had around 261 million subscribers within the 20 countries. Additionally, it provides television subscription in India and second largest in fixed telephone (Wansink, 2009). The other key player in the Indian telecommunication industry is the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, B SNL. It is a state owned company. It is the largest fixed telephony service provider in India and ranks fourth in mobile service provision. It also provides broadband service. The company has recently incurred losses due to stiff competition from other telecommunication industries. However, it remains as one of the largest and oldest providers of telecommunication. Competition within India is increasing steadily with the entrant of new companies in the telecommunication industry. Additionally, the vast population cannot be served by one telecommunication industry considering the high demands of telecommunication especially mobile services and internet since India is the biggest outsourcing country. Additionally, its growing economy is contributing to the development in this industry with the government reducing regulation and allowing more companies to enter the market. China A brief overview of the Chinese telecommunication industry shows that it is among the fastest growing industries. In 2010 to 2012, the industry revenues grew by 4.1%. Some of the key players in the telecommunication industry in China include China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom (Simon, 2011). The Chinese telecom industry is dominated by the three companies and highly controlled by the government. Initially, they were six, but then reduced to three. China mobile is the biggest among them all, taking a market share of 67.5% in 2006 (Simon, 2011). It has taken over from several other companies towards the end of the last century such as Fujian mobile, Henan mobile, and among others. Through these takeovers, it has grown to become the biggest digital mobile company in the world serving the largest number of customers (Simon, 2011). The other key player is the China Unicom that is a state owned telecom company. In 2008, the company had 125 million GSM subscribers and 43 million CDMA subscribers Chinaunicom.com. (2012). However, it moved its CDMA services to China telecom and Universal Mobile Telecommunication System that has launched recently in China. China Telecom is the third player in the Chinese telecommunication market that is entering other markets part from China such as Australia. It has 149 million subscribers including 3G subscribers (chinatelecom-h.com 2012). It was voted the best managed company in Asia in 2011 that was awarded by Euromoney, FinanceAsia and among most honored companies by Institutional Investor. Currently, the telecom industry in china is highly controlled by the state considering it has a company owned by the government. However, competition is deemed to increase soon from the government plans to enhance other entrants. South Africa South Africa is the largest and most developed economy in Africa. Telecommunication industry is the fastest growing industry in South Africa that is driven by growth in mobile telephony and broadband connection. The network in South Africa is 99.9% digital, serving as the most developed telecommunication technology in Africa (southafrica.info, 2012). In terms of fixed line telephony, the country ranked 34th and 26th in terms of subscriber number in mobile telephony. All telecommunication sectors, including undersea connectivity and broadband, are growing at a rapid rate (southafrica.info, 2012). Some of the telecommunication companies in South Africa include Vodacom and Neotel Vodacom is mobile telecommunication company in pan-Africa that was the first cellular network introduced in South Africa. The company provides GSM services to more than 35 million subscribers across South Africa, Lesotho, Tanzania, Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Neotel is yet another competitive company in South Africa’s telecommunication industry. It was previously known as SNO telecommunications. It was unveiled in 2006 and becomes the first company to offer direct competition to the current companies at the time. It provides mobile telephony and data services. In South Africa, competition is only increasing considering there are few competitors. However, the few companies available are able to serve the demand of the country as it increases. An opportunity for more telecommunication companies exists (southafrica.info, 2012). In Flight Broadband Services As telecommunication technology and services continue advancing, provision of broadband services to customers in flights has also been increasing with companies such as Gogo Air increasing its presence internationally. Gogo Air has been prominent in United States and Canada. Recently, it has moved to other countries with the intention of increasing its services (gogoair.com, 2012). Its services are dependent on the potential of growth in both broadband and air transport services considering it targets those in flight. The company depends on the airline companies to provide its services. One of the ideal countries among the BRIC where in flight broadband services is attaining rapid growth is Brazil. With its approximate 30 airlines, both domestic and international, as well as a rapidly growing demand for broadband telecommunication services in general, there is a tremendous opportunity for in-flight broadband services. India also has a considerable number of airlines, but there is potential for growth. Additionally, its growing telecommunication market provides an exceptional opportunity for in flight broadband services. Gogo Air remains the key player in Brazil, with a recent expansion to United Airlines having fitted its broadband in their airplanes. Other companies that offer competition include Row 44 that provides its services in the Transaero airlines (Sharkey, 2012). With a growth in the telecommunication industry in Brazil, there is a massive opportunity for growth of in flight broadband services. Gogo Air provides its services to other BRIC countries as well. The company has established its services in India. It serves several airlines, both Indian and from other countries that land in the country. It is currently expanding its business to the available airlines. The demand for in-flight broadband services in India continues to increase as more and more continue to demand internet services. However, other competitors are also establishing in India such as the Row 44 and Lufthansa. Row 44 provides services to some of the international fight going in n out of India. In-flight broadband allows a company providing the service to offer it in several countries as long as it provides the service to the airlines flying to the particular country (Sharkey, 2012). Lufthansa, on the other hand, provides the same services, and currently is expanding its route such as between India and Germany. It has already started providing wi-fi broadband services for internet through laptops and soon will extend to mobile phone services such a text messages and emails a well by the end of the year (Economic Times. 2012). Gogo Air has recently entered a deal with Air China to provide in flight broadband services to their customers. Trials have already been done, and services are underway as of last year. This means that services have already commenced, and travelers can access internet services in flight from United States to china as well as between local cities in china. The major competitor in China for Gogo Air remains as Row 44 that is looking forward to start operating in China. Gogo Air is also operating in Russia, but just like the other BRIC countries is faced by competition from Row 44 that provides the same services in Russia as well. This service is growing and gaining prominence in Russia just as the other BRIC countries considering the growing demand for internet services in these countries. However, South Africa does not have any company established to provide in flight services. Conclusion With such an analysis, it is possible to rank the countries in terms of which would be best to enter. The attractiveness of each market can be assessed to find out the level of competition and requirements of entering each of the market. Each of the BRICS countries has a potential for further growth. Thus, entering each of these markets would yield profits. However, entering some of them like China could prove quite hard since the government has substantial control of this industry. The most favorable for entering business would be Brazil, due to its risk factor and a fact that it might not be adversely affected by the Euro economic crisis. In terms of in flight broadband services, Brazil has the best opportunity due to it number of airlines as well as several telecommunication companies both international and domestic. On the other hand, India has immense potential due to its continuing growth in telecommunication as well as airlines. China is also growing as well as Russia in the in-flight services. On the other hand, South Africa is yet to provide such technology. References Airtel.in. (2012). Bharti Airtel. Retrieved from airtel.in/wps/wcm/connect/about+bharti+airtel/Bharti+Airtel/About+bharti+airtel/ Chinatelecom-h.com. (2012). Key Performance Indicators. Retrieved from chinatelecom-h.com/eng/company/company_overview.htm Chinaunicom.com. (2012). Products and Services. Retrieved from chinaunicom.com.hk/en/products/products_mobile.html Economic Times. (2012). Lufthansa to provide wi-fi as paid in-flight service on select routes. Retrieved from http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-10-08/news/34322881_1_wi-fi-hotspot-lufthansa-ground-network Gogoair.com. (2012). An Exclusive In-Air Experience. Retrieved from gogoair.com/gogo/cms/inAirService.do Russian-American Business. (2007). Russia‘s Telecom industry. Retrieved from russianamericanbusiness.org/web_CURRENT/articles/178/1/Russia%26%2339%3Bs-Telecom-industry Simon, J. P. (2011). The ICT Landscape in BRICS Countries: Brazil, India, China. European Commission. Sharkey, J. (2012). Offering in flight broadband service. Retrieved from deccanherald.com/content/165480/offering-inflight-broadband-service.html Southafrica.info. (2012). South Africa’s telecommunications. Retrieved from southafrica.info/business/economy/infrastructure/telecoms.htm Wansink, K. (2009). Global – Industry – The Telecoms Markets in the Emerging BRIC Economies. Retrieved from budde.com.au/Research/Global-Industry-The-Telecoms-Markets-in-the-Emerging-BRIC-Economies.html

Timeline and Definition of the Nazca Civilization

Timeline and Definition of the Nazca Civilization The Nasca (sometimes spelled Nazca outside of archaeological texts) Early Intermediate Period [EIP] civilization was located in the Nazca region as defined by the Ica and Grande river drainages, on the southern coast of Peru between about AD 1-750. Chronology The following dates are from Unkel et al. (2012). All dates are calibrated radiocarbon dates. Late Nasca AD 440-640Middle Nasca AD 300-440Early Nasca AD 80-300Initial Nasca   260 BC-80 ADLate Paracas 300 BC-100 Scholars perceive the Nasca as arising out of the Paracas culture, rather than an in-migration of people from another place. The early Nasca culture arose as a loosely-affiliated group of rural villages with self-sufficient subsistence based on corn agriculture. The villages had a distinctive art style, specific rituals, and burial customs. Cahuachi, an important Nasca ceremonial center, was built and became a focus of feasting and ceremonial activities. The Middle Nasca period saw many changes, perhaps brought about by a long drought. Settlement patterns and subsistence and irrigation practices changed, and Cahuachi became less important. By this time, the Nasca were a loose confederacy of chiefdomsnot with a centralized government, but rather autonomous settlements that regularly convened for rituals. By the Late Nasca period, increasing social complexity and warfare led to the movement of people away from the rural farmsteads and into a few larger sites. Culture The Nasca are known for their elaborate textile and ceramic art, including an elaborate mortuary ritual associated with warfare and the taking of trophy heads. More than 150 trophy heads have been identified at Nazca sites, and there are examples of burials of headless bodies, and burials of grave goods without human remains. Gold metallurgy in early Nasca times is comparable to Paracas culture: consisting of low-tech cold-hammered art objects. Some slag sites from copper smelting and other evidence suggest that by the late phase (Late Intermediate Period) the Nasca increased their technological knowledge. The Nasca region is an arid one, and the Nazca developed a sophisticated irrigation system that aided in their survival for so may centuries. The Nazca Lines The Nasca are probably best known to the public for the Nazca Lines, geometric lines and animal shapes etched into the desert plain by the members of this civilization. The Nazca lines were first intensively studied by the German mathemetician Maria Reiche and have been the focus of many silly theories concerning alien landing places. Recent investigations at Nasca include the Project Nasca/Palpa, a photogrammetric study from the Deutschen Archologischen Instituts and Instituto Andino de Estudios Arqueolà ³gicos, using modern GIS methods to record the geoglyphs digitally.​ More on the Nazca: Nazca Lines, Ica Region pottery vessel Archaeological Sites: Cahuachi, Cauchilla, La Muna, Saramarca, Mollake Grande, Primavera, Montegrande, Marcaya, Sources Conlee, Christina A. 2007 Decapitation and Rebirth: A Headless Burial from Nasca, Peru.  Current Anthropology  48(3):438-453. Eerkens, Jelmer W., et al. 2008  Obsidian hydration dating on the South Coast of Peru.  Journal of Archaeological Science  35(8):2231-2239. Kellner, Corina M. and Margaret J. Schoeninger 2008  Waris imperial influence on local Nasca diet: The stable isotope evidence.  Journal of Anthropological Archaeology  27(2):226-243. Knudson, Kelly J., et al. In press  The geographic origins of Nasca trophy heads using strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope data.  Journal of Anthropological Archaeology  in press. Lambers, Karsten, et al. 2007  Combining photogrammetry and laser scanning for the recording and modelling of the Late Intermediate Period site of Pinchango Alto, Palpa, Peru.  Journal of Archaeological Science  34:1702-1712. Rink, W. J. and J.  Bartoll  2005  Dating the geometric Nasca lines in the Peruvian desert.  Antiquity  79(304):390-401. Silverman, Helaine and David Browne 1991  New evidence for the date of the Nazca lines.  Antiquity  65:208-220. Van Gijseghem, Hendrik and Kevin J. Vaughn 2008  Regional integration and the built environment in middle-range societies: Paracas and early Nasca houses and communities.  Journal of Anthropological Archaeology  27(1):111-130. Vaughn, Kevin J. 2004  Households, Crafts, and Feasting in the Ancient Andes: The Village Context of Early Nasca Craft Consumption.  Latin  American Antiquity  15(1):61-88. Vaughn, Kevin J., Christina A. Conlee, Hector Neff, and Katharina Schreiber 2006  Ceramic production in ancient Nasca: provenance analysis of pottery from the Early Nasca and  Tiza  cultures through INAA.  Journal of Archaeological Science  33:681-689. Vaughn, Kevin J. and Hendrik Van Gijseghem 2007  A compositional perspective on the origins of the â€Å"Nasca cult† at Cahuachi.  Journal of Archaeological Science  34(5):814-822.

Is the Queensland Australian prison system in need of reform Research Paper

Is the Queensland Australian prison system in need of reform - Research Paper Example Prison deaths often fall into two categories. There is the natural and unnatural death. An unnatural death may be defined as suicide, drug overdose or murder. However, it can be noted that all deaths by drug overdose and suicide remain questionable. This stem from the reason that prison murders can be staged to look like suicides or drug overdoses. Hence, the term â€Å"unnatural death†. For instance, Sir David Longland Correctional Centre (SDLCC), in Queensland, has been reported to have the highest prisoner mortality rate for unnatural deaths than any other Australian maximum-security prison. Over the last decade, an estimated twenty-eight prisoners have died unnatural deaths. The criminal justice system in Queensland, Australia is designed to deal accordingly with people who do not obey the law. At first glance, Queensland’s criminal justice system appears to be fair and just. However, beneath the surface for those that are going through the system, there appears to be injustices, particularly for marginalized citizens, those without power, contacts, or knowledge (Egel, 2007). Circumstances surrounding the unnatural deaths of these prisoners are symptomatic of the observed secrecy that cloaks the Queensland prison system. There seems to be a self-serving secrecy the Queensland Department of Corrective Services has steadily fostered by applying censorship tourniquets that may suppress politically sensitive information ever reaching the media. The Queensland Corrective Services Act 2000, for instance, has been specifically implemented to reinforce that method by regulating the media’s access to Queensland prisoners. It is those restrictive pr actices that may have allowed the killing incidents of Queensland prison facilities to flourish. There are four main goals of prison confinement. These include Incapacitation, Retribution, Rehabilitation and Deterrence. Incapacitation focuses on

James Thurber and Humor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

James Thurber and Humor - Essay Example Quality of humor is necessary for the best efficacy of comforting interactions, as humor allows for reframing of the problem in ways in which distressed individuals are unable to perceive thus aiming to make humor not only a comfort provider but also a healing promoter as well. Thurber has been a predominant literary figure in the genre of humor, satire and wit (Gottlieb, Robert). His letters have the remarkable natural style of easy flowing conversation, "They're the overflow of a professional writer" (Gottlieb). Thurber's professional background in journalism gave him the requisite training to turn out copious amounts of work for "The New Yorker", where he made his initial mark. His works besides talk pieces included several pieces of humor, however what came to dominate his works was a wistful look at his past, writing about whom were closer to him and memories associated with them. One of his noted achievements were his cartoons and drawings, and not to forget "Walter Mitty" - Walter Mitty is as well known as any other literary creation, so much so according to Gootlieb, Walter Mitty's character gives a name to an important human trait which we all posess. Thurber's letters cover the range of human emotions, he is outspoken as well as gentle - the letters give an unabashed look at Thurber's self. Thurber's letters, unfortunately are repetitive at times and at times lack the emphasis on important aspects of Thurber's life(Gottlieb). Although Thurber has been compared to Mark Twain (Pritchard, William H. October 2003), his published letters for want of editing fail to sparkle appropriately. He was driven by the "satirist's itch", (Pritchard) which made his writing from exhibiting dry humor to being biting and bitter as he come party to host of health issues, including a brain tumor. Laura Carroll has interpreted James Thurber's "My Life in Hard Times" using the vehicles of Freudian theory (Carroll, Laura, 101-103). Laura has presented the usage of humor to be analogous to Freud theory of ego and psychic other self, the instances of offering humorous offerings to the reader are taken apart and dissected whereas other instances of gaiety are treated as looking on one part of the self to the other. The treatment critiques the structure of James Thurber's work and gives insight for researcher or critical reader. Thurber successfully employs nostalgic reflection on his younger self, being bemused as if another entity is being watched, acting out the duo relationship between the Freudian ego and superego (Laura). Another aspect of humor is presented as a contrast to Thurber's by Rebecca Mead (Mead, Rebecca, Jan 2005). She traces the development of an online magazine "collegehumor.com" exploring the lives of four friends who moved to New York City and started this venture. This magazine was started in 1999 and it focused on being a repository of jokes, emails and photographs that college graduates liked to share. This magazine became the focal point of college life, added on with and bits and pieces of multimedia dormitory content, rowdy images (like girls kissing or without their tops) and basically anything of what college kids think would Thurber 3 be funny. Student's attraction to "loud" humor has been prevalent since middle ages and this was exploited in this site famously. Rebecca compares Thurber's era of twenties and that contribution

Conflict resolution Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Conflict resolution - Case Study Example Environmentalists and executives of a company accused of polluting a stream meet to resolve their differences at a university-run mediation center in the Southeast. All of these examples are part of a new way of dealing with conflict. These new approaches to conflict are usually referred to by the general term "conflict resolution." Something whose roots can be traced to four (sometimes separate, sometimes intertwining) movements, all of which began in the mid-1960s and early 1970s: (1) new developments in organizational relations; (2) the introduction of the "problem-solving workshop" in international relations; (3) a redirection of religious figures from activist work in peace-related endeavors to an emphasis upon "peacemaking"; and (4) the criticism of lawyers and the court system by the general public that resulted in what is known as alternative dispute resolution (ADR). These four movements, which comprise the major divisions in the new field of conflict resolution, are all part of a more encompassing phenomenon in recent American history--the realization that the bureaucratization of the modern world has resulted in extreme depersonalization. This realization resulted in the questioning of legitimate authority characteristic of the 1960s and early 1970s in America. Thus, the emergence of the field of conflict resolution must be seen in the context of the larger framework of social and cultural change in American society. In the United States, as in all industrialized societies, legitimacy is based on authority embodied in the legal system, bureaucratic administration, and centralization. Indeed, we live in a society characterized by the rationalization of law, centralization and concentration within industry, and the subsequent extension of state intervention to previously private human actions. Like the civil rights movement, the women's liberation movement, the anti-Vietnam War movement, and the questioning of every major institutional order in the 1960s, conflict resolution was born in a time of questioning whether traditional legal authority served the needs of people or supported a status quo that reinforced social and political inequality. The 1960s ushered in a time of change and conflict. It was perceived by an active and vocal, if not large, part of the population that change was good, and the conflict that often produced the change was also a positive thing and not something to be avoided. Each of the four movements in conflict resolution, in their own unique way, represents a challenge to traditional authority, a part of this new way of looking at change and conflict. In the area of organizational relations this took the form of a questioning of top-down, centralized decision making and the role conflict played in organizations. In international relations, the "power paradigm" (the view that there are severe limitations to political reform because human beings are power-seeking creatures by nature and must be controlled by strong government action) was challenged via the notion that human beings seek to fulfill their basic needs rather than always seeking power and material interests. In certain religious organizations this took the form of an emphasis upon the religious community's ability to

History of the United States Since 1865 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of the United States Since 1865 - Essay Example Republicans turned their attention from pursuing war to reconstructing the union. Radical Republicans gained control over policy making in congress, together with more moderate republicans they managed to gain control of the House of Representatives and the Senate. With this, they obtained adequate power to control possible declinations by President Andrew Johnson. The first Reconstruction act was passed by congress in March 1867. Secessionist states were divided into five military districts, each of which was governed by a Union general. Martial law was declared and troops dispatched to cultivate peace and protect former slaves. Thaddeus Stevens who was a radical supported the seizing of land from rich planters giving it to former slaves, moderates continued the Freedmen’s bureau which had always been underfunded and understaffed and was the only thing that had offered hope for former slaves by intervening between blacks and whites. General Oliver Howard who was the bureauâ⠂¬â„¢s commissioner backed up education for blacks with the aim of improving their prospects and living conditions. In 1869, more schools serving large numbers of students reported to the bureau. The bureau pushed for establishment of official contracts between landlords and laborers’ as well as a civil rights bill to grant citizenship for everyone born in the United States irrespective of color which would bring about equal protection of citizens under the law, the bill stated nothing about voting by blacks. The freedmen’s bureau and civil rights bill were supported by republicans as the hallmark to rebuilding the United States. President Andrew Johnson declined both bills claiming that they violated the State’s rights and those of white southerners who had not taken part in the decision making process. To ensure that blacks retained their rights, the republicans proposed the fourteenth amendment which was approved granting citizenship to everyone born in Ameri ca and equal protection for all citizens as stated in the law. Southern men who gathered in state conventions did not accept the Fourteenth amendment; they displayed their disapproval in every way in an attempt to prevent further prospects of remaking the south. In the spring of 1866, there were riots in New Orleans and Memphis, policemen and whites ruthlessly attacked and assassinated black people burning their homes with light or no cause. In the same year the Ku Klux Klan emerged, it was founded in Tennessee by Nathan Bedford Forrest. The Ku Klux Klan strived to ensure that the whites remained powerful in America; they wore costumes meant to overawe former slaves and stayed anonymous to avoid any retaliation. A military wing formed under the Democratic Party worked tirelessly fiving warnings and assassinating any whites and blacks who supported black rights or associated with the Republicans. Although Republicans had gained control of all northern states they were dissatisfied wi th the voting system, distribution of land, courts and education. In March 1867, they passed the Reconstruction act that placed the south under military leadership; all other southern states with the exception of Tennessee were divided into military districts. Consequently black and white men contested for leadership positions within the Republican Party. In 1868, the Republicans elected Ulysses D. Grant as president after Johnson was charged with impeachment, Grant was believed to be independent of party

Healthcare Fraud Resulting in Fewer Referrals to Homecare Services Research Proposal

Healthcare Fraud Resulting in Fewer Referrals to Homecare Services - Research Proposal Example In fact, considering that the data on direct losses that is available regarding health care fraud today quite significantly underestimate the real value of the cost. While the healthcare fraud may not be very pronounced in the public domain currently, it may not be ignored as it has a potential of growing to astronomic levels given time and left unattended. Fraud has undermined the value of studies on healthcare practices, organization, and financing. In the healthcare sector, fraud has presented itself as a multi-faceted demon involving both individuals and corporate organizations. While some officials engaging in the provision of fraudulent or inaccurate data with an aim of getting corporate approval, some organizations engage in the withholding of data that may damage their reputation, the reputation of their products or researchers. The effects of health care fraud have far-reaching effects on the overall performance of the sector. Cases of fraud have for example impacted negatively the relationship between physicians and patients, and by extension, their relatives. In a bid to curb the problem of health care fraud, a number of measures have been introduced by the US government. The new measures have also impacted the way physicians provide services to patients – both in-patient and out-patient. This being the case, it may be postulated that healthcare fraud has had an impact on referrals to healthcare services. This research seeks to establish the existence of a correlation between health care fraud and the referral to home care services. Homecare caters for a wide range of social, medical and support services. Homecare services are entitled to people such as; the elderly, disabled people, those with long-term health conditions, terminally ill, chronically ill and to people who are recovering (Piper, Roberto, and Wacker, 2002).  

Staff Learning and Development in Organizations Essay

Staff Learning and Development in Organizations - Essay Example The essay "Staff Learning and Development in Organizations" aims to evaluate the staff learning and development procedures of selected organizations gathered through the use of the website or internet, magazine and newspaper. It aims to explain which learning theories underpin the staff learning and the logic of using those theories. The organization being analyzed is the University of Maryland Libraries, which is a group or a department in that particular university responsible for providing the needs of sources of information for the student's researches, studies, assignments and so on. With the increase in the demand for sources of information of the students, faculty, staff and the university, they have transformed and developed their strategies in response to this increasing change to provide their users quality service, to achieve the organizations’ goals and objectives and to improve the organization’s performance through staff development. They had applied the L earning Theory of Learning as Understanding with which, they used the cognitive processing of information to internalize principles, integrate perceptions into existing models. They had conducted seminars, conferences and launched curriculum specifically for the purpose of upgrading the quality of services provided by their library staff. As a result of such staff learning and development, the employees of that department had received intrinsic rewards and motivation. The library personnel had become self-driven meaning., they had the initiative to perform actions necessary for the improvement of the whole organization, they developed personal ambitions and the desire to understand and solve problems with their own. As a whole, the organization had produced and maintained a diverse population of improved and skilled library staff contributing to the success of the organization. B. SOURCE FROM MAGAZINE The issue presented on the source from the magazine is about upgrading the proficiency of test questions given to students and the quality of teachers. The issue is to conduct statewide testing to ensure that students are performing well and to assess the quality of teachers with regards to the results of the statewide test. The Achieve, a group of governors and business leaders that pushes for high academic standards is the organization responsible for training and developing quality teachers in the said state. They had adopted the learning theories of BF Skinner which involves stimuli and consequences; reinforce responses through reward and praise. The output of the said statewide testing determines the promotion and salaries of the teachers. It is then with this reason that the teachers and different associations concerned had help each other to provide students quality materials which they can use to upgrade their academic capacities. They had provided the students books, journals, magazines, CD-ROMs, multimedia, web links and the like. In terms of motivation, teachers received greater rewards, higher pay and promotion qualifications. They had

Healthcare Fraud Resulting in Fewer Referrals to Homecare Services Research Proposal

Healthcare Fraud Resulting in Fewer Referrals to Homecare Services - Research Proposal Example In fact, considering that the data on direct losses that is available regarding health care fraud today quite significantly underestimate the real value of the cost. While the healthcare fraud may not be very pronounced in the public domain currently, it may not be ignored as it has a potential of growing to astronomic levels given time and left unattended. Fraud has undermined the value of studies on healthcare practices, organization, and financing. In the healthcare sector, fraud has presented itself as a multi-faceted demon involving both individuals and corporate organizations. While some officials engaging in the provision of fraudulent or inaccurate data with an aim of getting corporate approval, some organizations engage in the withholding of data that may damage their reputation, the reputation of their products or researchers. The effects of health care fraud have far-reaching effects on the overall performance of the sector. Cases of fraud have for example impacted negatively the relationship between physicians and patients, and by extension, their relatives. In a bid to curb the problem of health care fraud, a number of measures have been introduced by the US government. The new measures have also impacted the way physicians provide services to patients – both in-patient and out-patient. This being the case, it may be postulated that healthcare fraud has had an impact on referrals to healthcare services. This research seeks to establish the existence of a correlation between health care fraud and the referral to home care services. Homecare caters for a wide range of social, medical and support services. Homecare services are entitled to people such as; the elderly, disabled people, those with long-term health conditions, terminally ill, chronically ill and to people who are recovering (Piper, Roberto, and Wacker, 2002).  

The Role of Mentors in Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Role of Mentors in Leadership - Assignment Example However, mentoring is always successful when the leader and the mentor intentionally matches or pairs. This often happens in health care facilities whereby nurses change into another role. The new nurses pairs with more experienced nurses to learn new leadership skills and develop their experiences into a new role (Aston & Hallam, 2011). This paper will explore the fundamental roles of mentors in nursing profession. According to Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, it is not just mentors and leaders benefit from the mentoring relationship but also the entire nursing profession such as patients and their relatives Literature review With the general growth of nursing profession, the role of mentors in the nursing sector seems to be more effective. Much of earlier work emphasizes the importance of mentors in nursing profession. Benner (2004) states that, acquiring new skills and experiences needs progression in all levels and stages. Thus, she argued that these levels and stages are novi ce, competent, advanced beginner, expert, and proficient. Research has also shown how mentors not only benefit nurses but also patients and their families (see, for instance, Vance, 2011). Some studies, however have taken a different approach by showing how nurses should benefit from mentoring website programs, for instance, IOM report. Studies show that both mentors and leaders benefit from the mentoring process. Mentor-ship Mentoring process is more than preceptorship or orientation; it may last for several weeks or may take three-month probation duration. During this period, the leader is able to learn what he or she is unfamiliar with hence improving and developing his or her experience (Grossman, 2013). Mentor-ship duration is not limited; it is an ongoing relationship, which can last for a long period until both the mentor and leader find value and meaning in it. A mentoring process occurs at any level of ones career, whether you are a new graduate to the field, an experienced nursing working as a clinical specialist or as a manager, or an experienced clinical nurse assuming the leadership position as the shared governance council’s chairperson (Grossman, 2013). Some nurses however, become mentors in future whereby, they use their own knowledge, wisdom, and experience to train and offer meaningful experience to new leaders in the nursing field. Most authors define mentoring as a partnership between a mentor acting as a teacher and a leader acting as a learner. As an educator, a mentor acts as facilitators and guides of learning. As learners, leaders have the responsibility of maintaining their own behaviors and learning (Grossman, 2013). All people have various opportunities of becoming a new thing in their lives although this is not an easy thing. Each person has fear to the unknown, fear of committing mistakes, uncertain confidence, and always, uncomfortable sentiment. Everyone as experienced that and he or she will live to experience it repeate dly (Kilgallon & Thompson, 2012). Being a mentor, it is essential to remember your situation when you were a new leader, how it was like being new to a certain position, and how your mentors helped you to be whom you are today. This will really help one grow a helping altitude to assist others develop their skills and experiences. However, it helps a mentor to get in the leaders’ reference frame. Novice to expert continuum Benner in her book states that, acquiring new skills and experi